Object | Venus | Mars |
---|---|---|
Type | Rocky planet | Rocky planet |
Age | 4.5 billion years | 4.6 billion years |
Diameter | 12,104 km | 6,779 km |
Mean radius | 6,051 km | 3,389 km |
Mass | 4.86 × 1024 kg | 6.39 × 1023 kg |
Orbital period | 224 days | 686 days |
Rotation duration | -243 days | 24 hours |
Surface temperature (average) |
735 K 462 °C 863 °F |
210 K -63 °C -82 °F |
Surface gravity | 8.8 m/s² | 3.7 m/s² |
Mean density | 5.2 g/cm3 | 3.9 g/cm3 |
Orbital distance | 108 million km | 230 million km |
Circumference | 38,019 km | 21,344 km |
Surface area | 460 million km² | 144 million km² |
Volume | 0.92 × 1012 km3 | 1.63 × 1011 km3 |
Escape velocity | 10.3 km/s | 5 km/s |
Average orbital speed | 35 km/s | 24 km/s |
Aphelion | 108 million km | 249 million km |
Perihelion | 107 million km | 206 million km |
Semi major axis | 108 million km | 227 million km |
Inclination | 3.3° | 1.8° |
Surface pressure | 9.2 MPa | 0.6 kPa |
Atmosphere composition | 96.5% carbon dioxide, 3.5% nitrogen, 0.01% sulfur dioxide |
96% carbon dioxide, 1.9% argon, 1.9% nitrogen, 0.15% oxygen, 0.05% carbon monoxide, 0.02% water vapor, 0.01% nitrogen oxide |
Crust composition | silica, iron, nickel |
silica, calcium sulfate, iron, magnetite |
Distance from the Milky Way center | 27,200 light years | 27,200 light years |